Roofing



Dec. 3, 1929. w. H. HOUGHTON ROOFING Filed April 18, 1928 hi'on.

Patented Dec. 3, 1929 PATENT OFFICE WILLIAM H. HOUGHTON, F

LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA ROOFING Application filed April 18,

My invention pertains to roofing and in particular to a roof construction using molded shingles such as asbestos cement or other similar types.

An object of my invention is a roof construction having What may be termed interlocking shingles, preferably of a molded type, and in which the shingles are locked to one another and to roofing laths by a metal tie or similar structure.

A more detailed object of my invention is a roof construction in which the successive rows of shingles are locked to each other and to roofing laths by metal ties which engage in side notches in the shingles, and the upper ends of the ties fit in cross recesses in the under surface of a shingle and the lower part of the tie engages the roofing lath.

A further object of my invention is a roof formed of shingles preferably of a molded type having metal ties to interlock the shingles and to attach them to the roofing laths;

and in which the succeeding rows of shingles extending toward the ridge of the roof are placed flat on the adjacent row next below.

In this connection a further object of my invention is the construction of aroof having sufficient rigidity, utilizing only roof rafters, roof laths running transverse thereto and the shingles positioned at right angles to the rafters.

My invention will be more readily understood from the following description and drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a portion of a roof constructed in accordance with my invention,

Fig. 2 is a partial section extending from a ridge towards the eaves,

Fig. 3 is a detail section showing the connection of several shingles to the roof laths,

Fig. 4 is a detail perspective view of a single shingle,

Fig. 5 is a detail perspective view of a metal tie,

Fig. 6 is a detail perspective view of a shingle having a curved or arched portion.

In constructing a roof in accordance with my invention I utilize a series of rafters 11 which may have spacing stringers 12 at sub- 1928. Serial No. 270,936.

stantially right angles thereto. these rafters there are a series of roof laths 13. Adjacent the eaves of the roof these laths may be formed in two or more pieces as. indicated at 14.

' In one form of my construction I utilize shingles designated generally by the numeral 15 in which the butt end 16 is thicker than the tip end 17, causing a gradual tapering as is indicated by the converging upper and lower lines of the sides 18. The shingles illustrated are generally of a rectangular construction and are provided in the under surface with a cross recess 19, or groove, which, for the sake of economy in manufacture, extend completely across the lower surface of the shingle. There are also a pair of slots 20 extending inwardly from each of the side edges and preferably directly opposite each other. The groove 19 and the slots 20 are preferably pprallel to the butt and tip ends of the shing e.

The metal ties designated generally by the numeral 21 are what may be termed a Zshape, having a web section 21 with an upper flange 22 and a lower flange 23. These flanges form angles 24 and 2 1 with the web. The angle 24 is preferably slightly less than a right angle.

The manner of constructing a roof made in accordance with my invention is substantially as follows: The lower row 25 of the shingles preferably spans the space between the laths adjacent the caves and the next one upwardly thereto, and are shorter than the normal length, being preferably broken at the slots 20. The next row upwardly designated by the numeral 26 are of full length shingles and have the ties 21 with the web 21 fitted in the notches 20, and with the upper flange extending upwardly on the upper surface of such shingle and the lower flange engaging the under surface of the lath (as illustrated particularly in Fig. 3). The next row 27 of a the shingles is placed to break joint with the shingle next below and is placed so that the tips 17 of the row next below engage the face of the web 21 and there are two ties engaging the notches 20 on each side of the shingle.

On top of The upper flange 22 of each of these ties therefore fits in the cross groove 19.

The rows of shingles are built up in the above mentioned manner from the eave portion to the ridge portion of the roof and it will be seen that as the shingles are tapered with the metal fiangefitting in the groove, the shingles fit tightly together in each row and are not separated by the thickness of this metal flange of the tie. The width of the web of the tie is substantially twice the depth of the slots 20 so that each tie completely fills such slots. The head flange of each tie manifestly only engages in the groove 19 of the shingle above, adjacent the center of such shingle, and, if desired, the groove 19 may be made only of suflicient size to accommodate these flanges. However, for simplicity of manufacture, the groove 19 may bemade completely across the shingle.

. In F ig.- 6 the shingle is designated by the numeral 30 having a cross groove 31 and vertical slots 32 in the side edges. Su'ch shingle is shown with two arched portions 83 which have edges 34 of the arch portions converging to a point as indicated by the numeral 35. Successive shingles made in this pattern may be fitted over each other witha half lap side Ways and a one-third l-ap considered lengthwise, and fastened with ties in the manner above described It will be noted by the manner of constructing the roof that the web 21 of the ties flts snugly against the upper edge of the roof lath, and on account of the slight taper of the shingles the upper flange is at a slight angle less than a right angle to the web, and as the lower flange is also at an; angle less than a right angle, the end of such lower flange engages the lower surface of the lath giving a type of resilient'connection so that there is a tension on the tie. It is not necessary that the angles 24 and 24 be the same.

Various changes may be made in the principles of my invention without departing from the spirit thereof, as set forth in the description, drawings and claims.

I claim:

1. A roof having in combination roof lat-hs, a plurality of rows of shingles, said shingles having slots in theirside edges and cross grooves on the undersurface, and metal ties having a web structure adapted to extend through the said slots and with a top flange to extend over the surface of the shingles through which the webs extend, the upper end of a lower row of shingles abutting against the said web, the middle ofthree rows having the ties extending therethrough and the upper of three rows having the said top flange fitting in the cross grooves.

2; A roof having in combination roof laths, a plurality of rows of shingles, the,

shingles having slots in their side edges and a groove on the under surface, said shingles being tapered from the lower butt end to the top tip end and being placed with the butt end lowermost in the roof, a plurality of metal ties formed with a web portion and upper and lower flanges extending in opposite directions, the web portion of a tie being adapted to fit in the adjacent slots of two shingles and the upper flange to fit in the cross groove of a shingle with the lower flange engaging a roof lath.

3. A roof having in combination a plurality of roof laths extending longitudinally of the roof, a plurality of rows of shingles extending transversely of the laths, the shingles having slots in their side edges and grooves on their under surface, metal ties having a web extending through a pair of slots in ad- ,jacent shingles and the web engaging the upper edge of a lath, an upper flange on the web fitting in a groove of an upper shingle, and the lower flange being bent underneath the bottom of the lath.

4. A roof comprising in combination a plurality of roof laths extending longitudinally of the root' and a plurality of shingles extending transversely of the laths on an inclination, each of the shingles having slots in their side edges, the said slots of adjacent shingles matching and each shingle having a cross groove on its under surface, a plurality of metal ties each of Z-shape and having a web' extending through the slots in a pair of adj acent shingles and engaging the upper edge of a lath, the upper flange extending upwardly on the shingles and' the lower flange extending downwardly underneath the lath, the upper flanges fitting in the groove of an upper row of shingles.

5. ,A roof having in combination a plurality of rows of laths extending lengthwise of the roof, a plurality of rows of shingles extending transversely of the laths on an inclination, each of the shingles having a slot in its opposite side edges about one-third of the distance from its upper edge and having a cross groove on its under surface about onethird of the distance from its lower edge, a plurality of Z-shaped metal ties, each having a web extending through the slots of a pair of adjacent shingles, the web bearing against the upper edge of a lath and the lower flange fitting underneath the lath, the upper flange extending upwardly along the shingles through which the web extends and fitting in the groove of the next upper row of shingles.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

W. H. I-IOUGHTON. 

